Regionalism Essay -- Population, Suburbs

Our urban communities are not what they used to be. Over the corse of fifty years the once glad, solid, and practical center points of American monetary ability are nevertheless a shell of what they were worked for. The issues that numerous urban areas have are no longer dense to their city limits and the spread that was made over that multi year time frame is currently taking steps to enter the rural spaces that were made when the city’s residents left. The metro spread is beginning to free it’s engaging quality and except if there is greater affirmation of the issues crawling out of these urban communities, the equivalent declining patterns will make abandoned business and private locale much the same as the midtowns of numerous American urban areas. Without cautious conversation about these patterns and our networks embracement of an increasingly provincial methodology, at that point there will be more issues in less thick rural regions, making those issues hard to a ddress. So as to forestall the spread of this urban scourge and keep away from low inhabitance rates, networks must actualize territorial expense approaches, plan for increasingly powerful utilization of room, and empower brilliant development. Regionalism is the demonstration of taking a gander at a populated territory not as individual territories or districts, yet as something more prominent. Rather than moving toward our rejuvenation endeavors to one region, the issues ought to be tended to territorially. This has been a continuous subject of discussion since the rural spread that made networks outside of our urban areas previously began. Truth be told, it has been to some degree over shadowed by the rising ubiquity of city renewal endeavors through open private endeavors of improvement. City renaissance is just a little bit of what regionalism is about. Charles Clark, essayist of the CQ Researcher article â€Å"Revitalizing ... ...he city have become far bigger than anybody would have envisioned. It isn't only a urban region that has its own concentrated issues, those issues are presently straightforwardly engaged with it’s rural parters. The sooner this is understood, the sooner Americans can get the opportunity to work to develop their territories insightfully and sufficiently. The sooner networks share the income that is produced through non inhabitant mutual traffic, the sooner they can legitimately take stake in the every one of their locales can make and offer. The sooner that space is utilized viably inside their current limits, the sooner networks can work as a more prominent neighborhood. As the urban communities keep on rising, so too will they keep on extending. The best way to make this capacity work to benefit all who share its conveniences, is to execute regionalism into our administering approaches.

Communication Strategies Used By Vietnamese Students Cultural Studies Essay

Correspondence Strategies Used By Vietnamese Students Cultural Studies Essay In Vietnam, English is presently the most mainstream unknown dialect and any individual who might want to coordinate themslves into the worldwide society and access the universes knowlege to be sucessful in life knows that English fitness is one the most significant qualities they have to have. English is seen wherever in instruction, business, amusement and social trades. Hence, English is turning into the fundamental correspondence language in the nation. Considering sociolinguistics advancement, semantic specialists have been giving increasingly more consideration to the significance of correspondence in its social setting. The social factors in correspondence fitness have been perceived and contemplated. These have affected firmly on educating and learning the language. English learning is changing fundamentally and emphatically. Students of English don't learn English for learning itself by treating linguistic information principally and independently yet in the conviction that it is increasingly essential to impart adequately in the language by sending and accepting messages, making meaning and arranging meaning. These lead to the inclination toward which correspondence fitness has as of late been getting a charge out of students incredible ubiquity. In any case, the viability of correspondence in the objective language is as yet the two students and educators most profound worry since students who have just invested critical time s of energy in learning the language to impart as the primary objective of their adapting however then a large portion of them experience an excessive number of challenges in conveying in the language. The learning setting In Petrovietnam Manpower Training College, where I am functioning as an instructor of English, understudies, the subjects of the exploration, are architects and graduates who are enrolled to work in Petrovietnams ventures and plants taking an extraordinary instructional class. They have graduated college with about comparable English language training however have distinctive English capability and like practically Vietnamese understudies, they have been attempting to learn English in reason for correspondence yet discover hard to impart in the language. At the school, English is instructed as one of the fundamental subjects to outfit the understudies with the language that they would need to play out their activity. English talking is joined extraordinary significance to and understudies are relied upon to be acceptable at correspondence in all conditions in the wake of completing the course. To fill these needs, informative language showing Approach (CLT) is applied in training the se understudies so they can especially improve their open abilities. The methods of reasoning and motivation behind the examination. Correspondence is intuitive. So in pre-middle of the road talking class, understudies are generally offered subjects to examine in bunches with the right hand of their educator before introducing their plans to the class. These exercises intend to get understudies engaged with relational correspondence or collaboration to repay their absence of training in the EFL condition. These assignments require the understudies large exertion in attempting to comprehend the others and getting themselves clear utilizing any methods at their learning stage. As indicated by my perception, by and large, understudies at this degree of English capability seem to battle with communicating their contemplations in light of their inadequacy in phonetic capability, general information on the given themes or trust in utilizing the language. Some of them endeavor to the most extreme to arrive at their open objectives by unknowingly or deliberately utilizing various methodologies to take care of their specif ic correspondence issues and generally certain about finishing the given undertaking in the interim the others simply keep quiet since they don't have a clue what to do to manage the issues they have during the discussion and they neglect to prop a large portion of the discussions up on as they need to. So the reason for this investigation is to distinguish the basic correspondence systems utilized by the understudies to improve effectiveness of correspondence when they manage the errand of gathering conversation and the correspondence procedure utilization of understudies of various English capability. The exploration questions. The investigation is led to discover the responses to the accompanying inquiries: What kinds of correspondence methodologies are utilized by Vietnamese understudies in English talking class to make up for their breakdowns in correspondence and to upgrade open adequacy in little gathering conversation? Do understudies of various English capability utilize correspondence systems in an unexpected way? Meanings of key terms. The term correspondence methodologies is essentially comprehend as strategies or procedures that language clients use to assist themselves with beating issues occuring during correspondence to accomplish open ability Writing REVIEW Informative capability The primary objective of any language students is to accomplish open fitness to get the best correspondence capability. As indicated by Canale and Swain (1980), to achieve informative fitness, students need to pick up the accompanying impeccable information: Syntactic capability which is identified with the language information (words and sentence structure rules) itself. Sociolinguistic fitness which is worried to the capacity to utilize and to decipher the expressions fittingly in various sociolinguistic correspondence circumstances. Talk skill is the capacity to join syntactic structures and implications to accomplish a brought together spoken or composed content Key capability is the capacity of utilizing verbal and non-verbal correspondence methodologies to make up for breakdowns in correspondence because of constraining conditions in genuine correspondence or to lacking fitness in at least one of different regions of informative skill and to upgrade the adequacy of correspondence Among the four parts that make up informative skill, key fitness is likely identifying with EFL students most on account of the issues they generally run into in correspondence and the correspondence methodologies they as a rule utilize to take care of the issues. These techniques are considered critical in arranging meaning where either semantic structures or sociolinguistic principles are not shared between a second language student and a speaker of the objective language (OMalley Chamot, 1990, p.43). Canale Swain (1980) once affirm that great vital capability can help leanres with constraining L2 abilities dodge correspondence breakdowns. Correspondence methodologies Numerous specialists have directed research or studies on correspondence methodologies up until now. Subsequently, every one of them in their own view states various definitions and arrangements of correspondence systems. Meanings of correspondence methodologies What occurs if conversationalists don't see each other as a result of their restricted language assets? Would they be able to prop their discussion up on when they can not make themselves clear? Cohen (1990, p.56) accepts that a significant quality of effective speakers is that they use procedures to prop the discussion up on. They use correspondence procedures. Tarone (1980, p. 419) depicts correspondence system as a common endeavor of two questioners to concur on importance in circumstances where imperative significance structures are not shared. Correspondence procedures, to Tarones interactional view, are socially-propelled techniques which are utilized by more than one conversationalists to take care of the issues of shared absence of comprehension by arranging implications. A correspondence methodology is basically characterized by Corder (1977 as refered to in Bialystok, 1990) as an orderly procedure utilized by a speaker to communicate his importance when confronted with some trouble. As indicated by Faerch and Kasper (1983 as refered to in Bialystok, 1990) correspondence procedures are conceivably cognizant designs for unraveling what to an individual presents itself as an issue in arriving at a specific informative objective. Additional identifying with types of talk, correspondence procedures in this definition are mentally propelled techniques which are identified with mental plans of every conversationalist actualized because of the issues of articulation. Various creators characterize correspondence methodologies in an unexpected way. Anyway , the greater part of the definitions show the reason for correspondence systems which is to manage the issues that the language clients face up to when imparting by utilizing fitting methods. Characterizations of Communication techniques. In the examination on correspondence techniques, Dornyei, Faerch and Kasper and Tarone presented their own groupings of correspondence procedures and their characterizations. Dornyei (1995 as refered to in Brown, 2000) shows two parts of methodologies: negative and positive. Avoidence procedures (negative): theme evasion and message relinquishment Compensatory procedures (positive): evasion, approximation,use of generally useful words, word coinage, pre-assembled designs, non-semantic sign, strict interpretation, foreignizing, code switch, bid for help, slowing down or time-picking up systems. Faerch and Kasper (1983) group correspondence techniques in to two primary classifications with their subcategories: Evasion conduct decrease procedures: Formal decrease: phonological, morphologicalâ , syntactic and lexical. Capacity decrease: decrease of discourse craftsmanship methodology, decrease of propositional setting Accomplishment conduct compensatory procedures. Code exchanging Interlingual move: speculation, summarizing, word coinage, rebuilding. Helpful methodologies Non-etymological methodologies Be that as it may, Tarones typology of cognizant correspondence methodologies (1977 as refered to in Bialystok, 1990) is by all accounts more straightforward. Tarone groups correspondence systems into the accompanying classes: Evasion: theme shirking and message relinquishment Reword: estimation, word coinage, circumlocutio

What Are the Symptoms of Test Anxiety

What Are the Symptoms of Test Anxiety Student Resources Print Signs and Symptoms of Test Anxiety By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on February 07, 2020 Comstock/ Stockbyte/ Getty Images More in Student Resources APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips Careers Test anxiety is a form of performance anxiety that is characterized by fear, worry, tension, and even feelings of physical illness in the face of taking an exam. Many people experience stress or anxiety before an exam. In fact, a little nervousness can actually help you perform your best. However, when this distress becomes so excessive that it actually interferes with performance on an exam, it is known as test anxiety. Symptoms of Test Anxiety The symptoms of test anxiety can vary considerably and range from mild to severe. Some students experience only mild symptoms of test anxiety and are still able to do fairly well on exams. Other students are nearly incapacitated by their anxiety, which may lead to poor test performance or even panic attacks before or during exams.? Physical Symptoms of test anxiety include: SweatingShakingRapid heartbeatDry mouthFaintingNausea Milder cases of test anxiety can cause a sense of butterflies in the stomach, while more severe cases can actually cause students to become physically ill. People may even vomit or experience diarrhea before a test. Emotional symptoms of test anxiety can include: DepressionLow self-esteemAngerFeelings of hopelessnessDistressFeelings of inadequacy Students often feel helpless to change their situation or belittle and berate themselves for their symptoms and poor test performance. Cognitive and behavioral symptoms can include: FidgetingOutright avoidance of testing situationsForgetfulnessSelf-doubtNegative self-talk In some cases, test anxiety can become so severe that students will drop out of school in order to avoid the source of their fear. Substance abuse can also occur since many students attempt to self-treat their anxiety by taking downers such as prescription medications and alcohol. Test anxiety makes it very difficult to concentrate during an exam. Many people with test anxiety report blanking out on answers to the test even though they thoroughly studied the information and were sure that they knew the answers to the questions. Negative self-talk, trouble concentrating on the test and racing thoughts are also common cognitive symptoms of test anxiety. How Prevalent Is Test Anxiety? Anxiety disorders tend to be quite common. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, 19.1 % of U.S. adult had some type of anxiety disorder within the past year. An estimated 31.1% of all U.S. adults will experience at least one anxiety disorder at some point during their lives. One study found that anywhere from 10% to 40% of school-age students experience test anxiety.   What Does It Feel Like to Have Anxiety? Causes of Test Anxiety There are a number of different factors that may lead students to experience anxiety in the face of tests. Research has shown that parents who place a great deal of academic pressure on their children may contribute to test anxiety.?? Students who feel this parental pressure are more likely to experience physical symptoms of anxiety during tests as well as greater worry before and during exams. Some other potential causes of test anxiety include: Poor past test performance. Students who have done poorly on previous tests may be more likely to feel anxious in the future.Lack of preparation. Procrastination or failing to study for an exam can increase anxiety levels during a test.Fear of failure. Students who connect their sense of self-worth to their test scores experience a great deal of pressure to perform well. This high-pressure to perform well can then lead to greater anxiety. Test anxiety can also feed upon itself. Once a student has experienced some level of test anxiety for whatever reason, whether it was due to poor preparation or high external pressure from teachers or parents, they are more likely to experience similar anxiety again in the future. Students may become so fearful of experiencing anxiety symptoms that they become even more fearful of testing situations. One study found that students with learning disabilities are more likely to experience this type of anxiety. Treatments Treatment for test anxiety often involves self-help and therapeutic strategies for managing stress levels before and during an exam. Students are often assisted with study techniques and test-taking skills to ensure that they have the preparation and abilities they need to succeed on tests. Helping students to build confidence in their test-taking ability can also be helpful. Students who have severe anxiety or who experience panic attacks may also be prescribed anti-anxiety medications to help control these symptoms. Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), exposure therapy, and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) are psychotherapy approaches that may also be helpful in treating the symptoms of test anxiety. Tips for Coping With Anxiety Ways to Help Overcome Test Anxiety Fortunately, there are steps that students can take to alleviate these unpleasant and oftentimes harmful symptoms. Some ways to help overcome test anxiety include: Practice stress management strategies. Relaxation techniques like deep breathing can help you to relax before and during a test.Make lifestyle modifications. Self-care habits such as getting enough sleep and eating healthy meals can be helpful for managing symptoms of anxiety.Establish good habits. Work on developing good study habits and make sure you are well-prepared for tests. One good way to do this is to reward yourself for the goals you set as you study.Learn to accept mistakes. Dont connect your self-worth to the tests outcome. Its one test and your worthwhileness as a person is not dependent on grades.Minimize distractions. Focus on the test and try not to get distracted by interfering thoughts. While students often try to deal with test anxiety on their own, there are resources available that can help. If you or your child need extra support, make an appointment with a school counselor, doctor, or mental health professional. 10 Tips for Managing Your Test Anxiety

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Essay On Social Class - 1227 Words

Joshua A. Clark Dr. Benjamin Sword English 1302 22 September 2017 Empathy Relies on Social Class If it is suggested that class has anything to do with how people live their lives or treat each other in America people adamantly refuse to believe it. The thought that here, in this country built by revolutionaries and self-made men, people cannot be whatever they want with hard work and perseverance is intolerable. The truth is social class does exist and does influence how people see and treat each other. These revelations are not unique to one person, in fact, several people have touched on these points including, Paul Fussell the son of a millionaire who, based on his observations, wrote a piece explaining class distinctions and some of†¦show more content†¦Contrary to that view, the lower classes see themselves as simply being on the wrong side of fate. This leads to the lower classes lacking some of the drive and ambition that characterizes the upper self-made classes, because if fate is against them what hope do they have. Because of this difference in viewpoints, th e worldviews of these classes tend to be different as well, including how they see and respond to misfortune. The lower classes tend to be more empathetic towards each other because they either have, or know they could, go through the same thing any day. On the other hand, the higher classes see other’s misfortunes as partly their own fault and wonder why they did not prepare better and why they do not pick themselves up and keep going. These differences are due in part because of the imbalance of money between the two classes. One has plenty, and in many cases, has always had plenty, and so is not worried about the what ifs of life (Fussell 6-7). On the flip side, the lower or working classes are often living paycheck to paycheck, so they are constantly aware of what could happen. This makes them much more understanding and wiling to help when something does happen (Williams 40). The rich are not without empathy, they can still hurt when others hurt, and rejoice when others rejoice, it is just rarer than those of the lower classes. The lower classes are much closer together, and so are much more awareShow MoreRelatedEssay on Social Class1002 Words   |  5 Pages1. Discuss the importance of subcultures in segmenting the market for food products. Identify a particular product and show how it should be marketed differently to different ethnic groups. 2. Foxtel is marketing pay television services in Australia. What approach should it take to households where the main decision makers are: a) Baby boomers b) Generation X c) Generation Y? 3. What allowance should be made for the ability of the elderly to process complex information in making product purchaseRead MoreEssay On Social Class701 Words   |  3 PagesI found this video, and the results from the studies performed, very interesting and educational. The video showed an clear link between social class and behavior. By studies performed in the video, it was made clear that wealthier people are more likely to take candy meant for children, cheat in a game when money is on the line, lie in negotiations, break the law while driving and steal at work. These results were proved consistent by thirty different studies, performed by Paul Solmon. Paul decidedRead MoreEssay On Social Class And Health1489 Words   |  6 PagesThe aim of this essay is to explain how a person’s situation can impact their health. I will provide a better understanding of how a person’s social situation and economic class can have a problem with their social inequalities in healthcare. 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As far as U.S. and Canada are concerned they also hold social discrimination but, how it is caused and how it is either heredity or circumstance is different in each country. However, in both countries the system is merit-based and either class has the chance of growing up or comingRead MoreMarriage and Social Class Essay741 Words   |  3 PagesIf a person decides to date or marry someone of a lower class, the immediate concern would be if the person of a lower class is interested for monetary gain whereas, the person of a lower class may be concerned if they would be treated as an equal in the relationship. With these problems present the courtship or marriage could be domed from the beginning or made to work harder at leveling the playing field. I believe love in lower class groups build their foundation on love where relationshipsRead MorePersepolis Social Class Essay1428 Words   |  6 Pages10 10/28/30 Different Classes, Different Conditions â€Å"Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, color, sex, language, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status,† is what the Article 2 of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights stating. This statement tries to encourage people to dismiss any discrepancy between human beings and try to make a world where this statement

Branding versus Brand Equity Free Essays

Branding is technically defined as a way to be able to provide the clients a perfect impression about a certain product to make them finally decide to purchase it (Business.. n. We will write a custom essay sample on Branding versus Brand Equity or any similar topic only for you Order Now p. ). On the other hand, brand equity is technically defined as a way to calculate the value of the brand (Wikipedia n. p. ). This paper entitled, â€Å"Branding versus Brand Equity† aims to look into the differences between two technical terms known as â€Å"branding† and â€Å"brand equity†. There are several differences between â€Å"branding† and â€Å"brand equity† and some of these are the following: First of all, branding carries the goal of a certain business or product wanting it to be the client’s first choice (Business.. n. p. ). Brand equity’s goal, on the other hand, is to find out â€Å"the value built up in a brand† (Wikipedia.. n. p. ). Second, to achieve the goal of branding as previously mentioned, what it takes for that to occur entails â€Å"building and managing a brand† (Business..n. p. ). Meanwhile, in brand equity, the goal of branding may be reached by â€Å"calculating then drawing a comparison between the expected future profits from the branded manufactured goods with the anticipated potential or upcoming revenue from an equivalent non-branded item† (Wikipedia n. p. ). Third, branding can provide the prospective clients an unyielding idea of what they are about to purchase, making it easier for them to decide to make a purchase (Business.. n. p. ). On the other hand, brand equity, makes it a little excruciating for a client to buy a certain product simply because brand equity may either be positive or negative (Wikipedia n. p. ). Positive here means that it may provide prospective clients an unbending thought with regards to the product or negative, which means, it may give forthcoming clients to see a product not worthy of attention and money (Wikipedia n. p. ). Fourth, since branding is founded on the goal which is to become the best alternative for prospective client, then it is most likely to result in a positive outcome (Business..n. p. ). On the other hand, since brand equity is founded on a neutral goal, then it is most likely to result in a bad management, and eventually, a bad product as well (Wikipedia n. p. ). Fifth, branding may be utilized by all types of companies, big and small alike (Business.. n. p. ). Brand equity, however, cannot cover all types, it is limited to large companies since it entails calculations and comparison of branded and non-branded products (Wikipedia.. n. p. ). Last but not least, branding seeks to build a flourishing brand by: 1) paying attention to the wants and needs of the clients; 2) staying honest and believing in your own brand; 3) keeping the simplicity of the brand; 4) being extensive; 5) making sure of the employees’ involvement and their believe and support on the brand itself; 6) proper articulation of the brand through print television advertisements, leaflets, written communications etc so that the same slogan and idea is reinforced; 7) utilization of the same logo everywhere; 8) meeting the promises kept related to the â€Å"brand promises† and even exceeding if circumstances allow; and last but not least 9) looking for opportunities to improve the brand and continuously seeking for room for growth (Business.. n. p. ). Simply put, it focuses on what should be aware on, the quality, how much a client is aware of such, as the trend goes for brand equity (Wikipedia n. p. ). Conclusion Branding and brand equity are different in terms of goal, technique of reaching for that goal, in terms of appeal to clients, in terms of the size of the companies that it may serve, as well as, the focus (whether quality or quantity). How to cite Branding versus Brand Equity, Papers

Intermir Review Essay Example

Intermir Review Paper Essay on Intermir the decision to wear green and not red socks on Altiversum no effect and wondrous new worlds does not create A new book by Gaiman, even in such a small and co still a joy. Specifically for this pleasure had to run, and it was found in only one shop in Krupskaya. I instantly grabbed the precious volume, gently pressed her to his chest and happy, ran to the cashier. . At the same time taking the Storm Thief by Chris Wooding Eksmo AST follows the tradition Intermir printed on toilet paper hideous gray-yellow in color. A Wooding on thick and white. Intermir printed anyhow, have Wooding nice large font and high-quality printing. In Intermira disgusting serial cover (in two versions, one worse than the other though the black look is not terrible), which almost immediately starts peeling varnish, and Storm-thief allocated exclusive pictures and high quality of its printed. And they cost the same We will write a custom essay sample on Intermir Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Intermir Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Intermir Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Whereupon all about Wooding, for Gaiman -. He loved even though zhmotstvo AST Intermir. a fine example of the genre of young adult I loved. Genre for teenagers (in case of disturbances on the omission of Gaiman up any garbage) with all the consequences -. It is a dynamic, fun, and, unfortunately, a short Fourteen Joey Harker quite unexpectedly discovers that the world it is not one that he is able to move between these worlds and that it is hunting. he finds a lot more likely to spoil the story but I do not want. Of course, there will be new friends, and life-threatening adventures, and the salvation of these same worlds The authors honestly admit -. Once it was an idea for a television. And we are shown the very beginning of history. Getting a good, promising but because I want to continue the adventure!

A List of Notorious Male Criminals from A-Z

A List of Notorious Male Criminals from A-Z Mumia Abu-Jamal MurdererAbu-Jamal murdered police officer Daniel Faulkner. His case became a platform for groups such as the anti-globalization movement, anti-death penalty groups, and the Black Nationalist movements who proclaim he is innocent. Mehmet Ali Agca Turkish AssassinMehmet Ali Agca shot Pope John Paul II on May 13, 1981, in Saint Peters Square. Before the Pope John Paul died the two met face to face for over 30 minutes. John Eric Armstrong Serial Killer, RapistNo one could believe that the child-like face of John Eric Armstrong, nicknamed Opie by his navy friends, was really the face of a cold and calculating serial killer. Alejandro Avila Child Murderer, PedophileAvila was found guilty of kidnapping, sexually molesting and asphyxiating five-year-old Samantha Runnion. Gaetano Badalamenti Sicilian Mafia BossHe was the ringleader of a $1.65 billion dollar drug smuggling operation that imported heroin from the Middle East and cocaine from South America and distributed the drugs through U.S. mid-western pizzeria store fronts. Dennis Bagwell MurdererBagwell killed his mother and four others, including a four-year-old child, because his mother refused to give him money. Joe Ball and His Alligator Pond Serial KillerBall is suspected of killing as many as 20 women and feeding them to his pet alligators. Klaus Barbie The Butcher of LyonA Nazi war criminal, who was personally responsible for the torture and death of thousands of Jews, managed to evade execution for his war crimes by fleeing Europe to Bolivia with the assistance of U.S. intelligence agents. Nathaniel Bar-Jonah Child Predator, Torturer, CannibalNathaniel Bar-Jonah, a/k/a David Paul Brown, is a convicted child predator who is in prison after repeatedly molesting, torturing and attempting to murder children. He was also suspected of murdering a child then disposing of the body through cannibalistic ways that involved his unsuspecting neighbors. Cesar Barone Serial Killer, Sexual Predator, RapistThe profile of serial killer Cesar Barone, now on death row in Oregon, for raping and killing senior-aged women. Barone, at the age of 19, was suspected of raping and murdering by strangulation his 71-year-old neighbor while she was in bed. Robert Berdella Serial Killer, Sexual Predator, RapistAround the neighborhood, he was considered odd but was liked and participated in organizing a local community crime watch programs, but he was one of the most barbarous serial killers in U.S. history, who participated in vile acts of sexual torture and murder. David Berkowitz - The Son of Sam Serial KillerDavid Berkowitz, better known as Son of Sam, is an infamous 1970s New York City serial killer who killed six people and wounded several others claiming his neighbors dog was a demon who told him to do it. Kirk Douglas Billie Child MurdererMiccosukee Indian Kirk Douglas Billie, 36, was sentenced to life in prison for the drowning death of sons, Kurt, 5 and Keith, 3. His case became a large dispute over tribal sovereignty and the state of Florida. Arthur Gary Bishop Serial Killer, Pedophile, RapistArthur Gary Bishop went from being an honor student, Eagle Scout and teenage missionary to an obsessed pedophile and child killer which he later attributed to the pornography that he was exposed to while growing up. Ian Brady Serial Killer, Rapist, TorturerIan Brady and his girlfriend Myra Hindley were British serial killers, responsible for a series of child murders that became known as the Moors Murders. John Brown Political Activist - 1859Convicted of treason and hung after an attempt to take over an arsenal in Virginia in order to arm slaves was thwarted. H. Rap Brown MurdererAl-Amin aka H. Rap Brown in March 2000, fired on two police officers attempting to serve him a warrant on a minor theft charge. One of the officers died after Al-Amin shot an additional three shots into the wounded officer who was lying defenseless on the street. Kenneth Eugene Bruce Home Invasion, MurdererBruce brutally murdered a 55-year-old woman and attempted to kill her husband during a home invasion. Martin Bryant Mass MurdererMartin Bryant went on a killing spree in the popular tourist destination of Port Arthur, Tasmania. During the Port Arthur Massacre, Bryant murdered 35 people and injured 37 others. James J. Bulger FBI Most WantedBulger is wanted by the FBI for murder (18 counts), conspiracy to commit extortion, narcotics distribution, and other charges. Ted Bundy Serial Killer, Rapist, NecrophiliacHe was attractive, smart, and had a future in politics. He was also one of the most prolific serial killers in U.S. history. Bundy screamed his innocence until his death in the electric chair was imminent. Then he told just enough to show the true evil inside him. William L. Calley War CrimesLt. William L. Calley was convicted of the premeditated murder of 22 Vietnamese civilians during the March 16, 1968, incident known as the My Lai Massacre. Lt. Calley was the only person found guilty in the incident. Rae Carruth MurdererSports star Rae Carruth was found guilty of conspiracy to commit murder, shooting into an occupied vehicle and using an instrument to destroy an unborn child and was sentenced to 18-24 years in prison. Frank Ray Chandler MurdererChandler brutally beat a 90-year-old woman and left her to die in a pool of her blood. Norman Richard Cleary MurdererNorman Cleary and his accomplice scouted homes looking for one to break into and when it came to killing the housekeeper working inside, the pair didnt blink an eye. C-Murder MurdererCorey Miller is a popular rap singer known to his fans as C-Murder. He was convicted in the beating and fatal shooting of a 16-year-old fan who had the stars posters all over his bedroom wall. Barton Corbin Dentist indicted for murder.  Corbin is a Georgia dentist who has been indicted by two Georgia grand juries in the connection with the death of his wife and death of his former girlfriend and is being investigated for a third murder. Juan Corona Serial KillerJuan Corona was a labor contractor who went on a six-week murder spree, raping and killing 25 men he employed. Frank Costello Prime Minister of the UnderworldKnown for being one of the most politically connected members of the crime syndicate and referred to judges as My Boys. Tyrone Peter Darks Murderer, 9/11 FraudsterDarks hated his ex-wife, so much so that one day as she left the church he fatally shot and killed her. But his crimes did not stop there. Genero Espinosa Dorantes FBI Most WantedGenero Espinosa Dorantes is wanted by the FBI for unlawful flight to avoid prosecution and criminal homicide. John E. DuPont Millionaire Schizophrenic MurdererJohn E. DuPont was a sports wannabe who inherited millions and bought his status into the sporting world that his own physical capabilities could have never achieved. He was also insane and liked to play with guns, a combination that eventually led to murder. Marc Dutroux Serial Killer, Torturer, RapistMarc Dutroux, an unemployed electrician, and father of three, committed a series of kidnappings, rapes and murders of an unknown number of teenage girls. Dutroux and accomplices, including his wife, are considered among the vilest criminals in the history of Belgium. Colin Ferguson Mass MurderOn December 7, 1993, Colin Ferguson boarded a Long Island commuter train and began shooting the passengers with a Ruger P-89 9mm pistol. The incident known as the Long Island Railroad Massacre resulted in six people being killed and 19 injured. Robert William Fisher FBI Most WantedRobert William Fisher is wanted for allegedly killing his wife and two young children and then blowing up the house. Anthony Guy Fuentes MurdererFuentes, with two prior convictions for shooting people, was free on the streets to find his next victim who he killed over a case of stolen beer. John Wayne Gacy the Killer Clown Serial Killer, Torturer, RapistJohn Wayne Gacy was convicted of the torture, rape, and murder of 33 men between 1972 until his arrest in 1978. He was dubbed the Killer Clown because he entertained kids at parties as Pogo The Clown. Ed Gein Serial Killer, Grave Robber, Necrophiliac, CannibalThe Plainfield, Wisconsin police department had no idea of the grotesque world they were about to enter when they went to Ed Geins farm home to investigate the disappearance of a local woman. Geins crimes went down in history as some of the most encompassing murder, grave robbing, and cannibalism. Vito Don Vito Genovese Mafia, GangsterAnother mafia boss of bosses he was the head of the Genovese crime family who earned his reputation for being a prolific drug trafficker. Victor Manuel Gerena FBI Most WantedVictor Manuel Gerena is being sought in connection with the armed robbery of approximately $7 million from a security company in Connecticut. Andrew Gigante Gangster, MafiaSon of Genovese mobster, Vincent Chin Gigante, who became a messenger between his father and other Genovese mobsters when his father was imprisoned. Vincent Chin Gigante Boss of the Genovese FamilyThe press named him The Oddfather because of his habit of walking around in his robe talking to himself, hoping to plead insanity if ever arrested. Richard Steve Goldberg FBI Most WantedWanted for sexual exploitation of children, production of child pornography, plus unlawful flight to avoid prosecution. Glen Stewart Godwin FBI Most WantedGodwin escaped from Folsom State Prison in California, where he was serving a lengthy sentence for murder. Donald Pee Wee Gaskins Gaskins was the most prolific serial killer in South Carolina history. Once his brutality was unleashed, he knew no boundaries, torturing, killing, cannibalizing victims, both male and female. John Dapper Don Gotti Former Godfather of the Gambino FamilyGotti, known also as Teflon Don and later Velcro Don earned his way into power after planning the death of Paul Castellano. Dominique Jerome Green MurdererGreen and three other men took part in a series of robberies in the Houston area over a period of several hours ending in Green shooting a man with a Tech-9 semi-automatic gun over the money he had in his wallet a mere $50.00. Mark Hacking MurdererHacking shot his pregnant wife in the head while she slept and dumped her body in the garbage, where it was found five months later. Bobby Ray Hopkins MurdererHopkins killed two teenaged girls, stabbing and cutting them over 100 times presumably because they hurt his feelings. Jack The Ripper Serial KillerA serial killer murdered and mutilated at least five prostitutes in the East End of London in 1888. Because no one was ever arrested or tried for the murders, crime buffs are still fascinated with the case more than 115 years later. Michael Jackson Accused PedophileFound not guilty on charges of conspiracy to commit child abduction, false imprisonment and extortion, three counts of committing lewd acts upon a child, attempted lewd acts with a child, and four counts of administering intoxicating agents to assist in the commission of a felony. Edgar Ray Killen Murderer - Hate CrimeKillen, a reputed member of the Ku Klux Klan, in 2005, was found responsible for the shooting deaths of three civil rights workers who were registering black voters during the Freedom Summer of 1964. Edward Lewis Lagrone Murderer, Child RapistLagrone impregnated his ex-girlfriends ten-year-old daughter then killed the young girl and two of her elderly great aunts Pedro Alonso Lopez - The Monster of the Andes Lopez was one of the historys most horrific serial killers, but he was released from prison in 1998. Where is he now? Charles Lucky Luciano Mafia, GangsterIt is believed that Luciano was one of the most powerful men in organized crime and to this day his influence over the gangster activity in the USA still exists. Jeffrey MacDonald Child Murderer, MurdererOn February 17, 1970, a horrific crime took place outside of Fort Bragg in North Carolina. An army doctors wife and two children were savagely killed and the doctor wounded. The facts of this crime deviated with each legal hearing and opinions have been drawn like a duel at sunrise. Ynobe Katron Matthews Kidnapper, Rapist, MurdererMatthews kidnapped and sexually assaulted a 21-year-old girl then strangled her to death. Demarco Markeith McCullum Hate Crime, MurdererMcCullum and his friends beat, robbed, kidnapped and shot, execution style, a gay man they came across in a parking lot. McCullum later bragged that he felt like a judge because he had taken someones life. Frederick Patrick McWilliams Kidnapper, MurdererMcWilliams and friends attacked a homeless man sleeping in his car and killed him for no apparent reason. Scott Peterson MurdererPeterson murdered his pregnant wife and their unborn son and dumped the body in San Francisco Bay. His ex-mistress, Amber Frey, offered evidence that helped convict Peterson for the murder. Brian David Mitchell Mitchell, along with his wife Wanda Barzee, is accused of kidnapping 14-year-old Elizabeth Smart and holding her captive for nine months. Lorenzo Morris MurdererMorris attacked a 70-year-old man, cut his throat and bludgeoned him in the head with a hammer at the victims Houston home then robbed him. Robert Brice Morrow Kidnapper, MurdererMorrow kidnapped a 21-year-old college student, beat her, then cut her throat. She had 42 separate injuries at her time of death. Charles Chi-tat Ng Kidnapper, Torturer, Rapist, MurdererCharles Ng participated in the kidnapping, sadistic torture, slavery, rape and murder of numerous victims in one of the most infamous and costly murder cases in American history. Joe Elton Nixon Kidnapping, MurderJoe Nixon has been on death row in Texas for 19 years for the murder of 38-year-old Jeanne Bickner, who he tied to trees with jumper cables and set on fire. Dennis Rader - The BTK Strangler Serial Killer, Rapist, TorturerDennis Rader, the BTK murderer, confessed to his grisly crimes in a voice void of emotion and remorse, but with a hint of demented pride. Richard Ramirez - The Night Stalker Rapist, Torturer, Serial KillerSatanic worshipper, serial killer, and rapist, Richard Ramirez was named The Night Stalker, after terrorizing Los Angeles during a year-long killing and rape spree. He was convicted of 43 counts, including murder, burglary, sodomy, and rape. Johnny L. Robinson Kidnapper, Rapist, MurdererRobinson kidnapped, raped and shot a 31-year-old woman who he found stranded on the highway. John Glenn Roe Kidnapper, MurdererDonette, kidnapped, shot, and killed a young mother, then took her car and money and used information about the murder to try to get out of serving time for other crimes he committed. Michael Ross Serial Killer, RapistRoss, driven by sexually violent fantasies, brutally raped and murdered eight young girls. Raymond Dayle Rowsey MurdererRowsey shot six times into a 20-year-old store clerk, then viciously kicked the dying man for $57.54 in cash and some magazine. Charles Laverne Singleton MurdererSingleton stabbed to death a 31-year-old store owner who was one of the few people in his life who befriended him. Richard Speck - Born to Raise Hell Serial KillerThe words Born to Raise Hell were tattooed on the arm of the tall pocked-faced man with a southern drawl who entered a nursing students dormitory on a warm July night in 1966. Once inside he committed a series of crimes that shocked America. Chester Dewayne Turner Serial KillerPolice say Chester Dewayne Turner is the most prolific serial killer in the history of the city of Los Angeles. He was finally identified through extensive DNA testing. Who were his victims and the man who was mistakenly imprisoned for his crimes? Billy Frank Vickers Thief, MurdererVickers planned the robbery and murder of a local grocery store owner in Arthur City, Texas. Coral Eugene Watts - The Sunday Morning Slasher Serial KillerThe incredible story of serial killer Coral Eugene Watts, who confessed to over 80 murders, has admitted he will murder again, yet Texas could not keep him behind bars. Ward Weaver lll Kidnapper, Rapist, MurdererWeaver kidnapped, raped, and murdered his daughters friends, 12-year-old Ashley Pond and 13-year-old Miranda Gaddis, and hid their bodies in his backyard. Donald Eugene Webb FBI Most WantedWebb is being sought in connection with the murder of a police chief in Pennsylvania who was shot twice at close range after being brutally beaten about the head and face with a blunt instrument. Lewis Williams, Jr. Thief, MurdererWilliams beat a 76-year-old woman around the face and shoulders, shot her in the mouth, and stomped on her chest, leaving a bloody shoe print on her nightgown. Cameron Todd Willingham Baby MurdererWillingham killed his three babies and set the house on fire to cover up his crime. Windel Ray Workman Baby MurdererWorkman beat his girlfriends two-year-old daughter, Amber Holman, to death. She died of multiple blows to the head and stomach. Kevin Lee Zimmerman Thief, MurdererZimmerman brutally murdered a man in a hotel room for the purpose of robbing him of his money.

American Woman Suffrage Association

American Woman Suffrage Association Founded: November 1869 Preceded by: American Equal Rights Association (split between American Woman Suffrage Association and National Woman Suffrage Association) Succeeded by: National American Woman Suffrage Association (merger) Key figures: Lucy Stone, Julia Ward Howe, Henry Blackwell, Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin, T. W. Higginson, Wendell Phillips, Caroline Severance, Mary Livermore, Myra Bradwell Key characteristics (especially in contrast to the National Woman Suffrage Association): Supported passing the 15th Amendment (giving the vote to black men) even if women were explicitly excludedFocused on the vote for women and largely ignored other womens rights issuesSupported winning woman suffrage state by state with only occasional pressure for a federal constitutional amendmentSupported the Republican PartyStructure was a delegate systemMen could and did join as full members and serve as officersThe larger of the two organizationsConsidered the more conservative of the two organizationsOpposed more militant or confrontational strategies Publication: The Womans Journal Headquartered in: Boston Also known as: AWSA, the American About the American Woman Suffrage Association The American Woman Suffrage Association was formed in November of 1869, as the American Equal Rights Association fell apart over debate on the passage of the 14th amendment and 15th amendment to the United States constitution at the end of the American Civil War. In 1868, the 14th amendment was ratified, including the word male in the constitution for the first time. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton believed that the Republican Party and abolitionists had betrayed women by excluding them from the 14th and 15th amendments, extending the vote only to black men. Others, including Lucy Stone, Julia Ward Howe, T. W. Higginson, Henry Blackwell and Wendell Phillips, favored supporting the amendments, fearing they would not pass if women were included. Stanton and Anthony began publishing a paper, The Revolution, in January 1868, and often expressed their sense of betrayal at former allies who were willing to set aside womens rights. In November of 1868, the Womens Rights Convention in Boston had led some participants to form the New England Woman Suffrage Association. Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, Isabella Beecher Hooker, Julia Ward Howe and T. W. Higginson were the founders of the the NEWSA. The organization tended to support Republicans and the black vote. As Frederick Douglass said in a speech at the first convention of the NEWSA, the cause of the negro was more pressing than that of womans. The following year, Stanton and Anthony and some supporters split from the American Equal Rights Association, forming the National Woman Suffrage Association - two days after the May 1869 convention of the AERA. The American Woman Suffrage Association focused on the issue of woman suffrage, to the exclusion of other issues. The publication The Womans Journal was founded in January, 1870, with editors Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell, assisted by Mary Livermore in the early years, by Julia Ward Howe in the 1870s, and then by Stone and Blackwells daughter, Alice Stone Blackwell. The 15th amendment became law in 1870, prohibiting the denial of the right to vote based on a citizens race, color, or previous condition of servitude. No state had yet passed any woman suffrage laws. In 1869 both Wyoming Territory and Utah Territory had given women the right to vote, though in Utah, women were not given the right to hold office, and the vote was taken away by a federal law in 1887. The American Woman Suffrage Association worked for suffrage state by state, with occasional support for federal action. In 1878, a woman suffrage amendment was introduced into the United States Constitution, and soundly defeated in Congress. Meanwhile, the NWSA also began to focus more on state by state suffrage referenda. In October, 1887, frustrated by the lack of progress and the weakening of the suffrage movement by its split between two factions, and noting that their strategies had become more similar, Lucy Stone proposed at an AWSA convention that the AWSA approach the NWSA about a merger. Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony, Alice Stone Blackwell and Rachel Foster met in December, and soon the two organizations established committees to negotiate a merger. In 1890, the American Woman Suffrage Association merged with the National Woman Suffrage Association, forming the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Elizabeth Cady Stanton became the new organizations president (largely a figurehead position as she then went on a two-year trip to England), Susan B. Anthony became the vice president (and, in Stantons absence, acting president), and Lucy Stone, who was ailing at the time of the merger, became head of the Executive Committee.

Ethical issues business financial reporting Essay

Ethical issues business financial reporting - Essay Example In this type of manipulation when preparers of financial reports become aware of a proposal for alteration of accounting regulation which they consider will be unfavorable for them, they resort to various means to stop the change or bring a change which will serve their purpose. The intention of the regulators is to make financial reports useful to all users. The financial teams are intermediaries between the users and regulators. They have the freedom to interpret the regulation. At times they interpret the regulations in a manner that may suit their own views. This cannot be considered justifiable to the users. Clear and well designed financial reports shows that the preparers of the reports have abided by the law and followed the regulations. Often the accounting regulations are poorly formulated or not enforced properly. These loopholes lead to manipulations (Gowthorpe & Amat, n.d.). At times entries in accounts have certain degree of estimation or prediction, the estimate might be too optimistic leading to errors. Even if an outside expert is consulted the valuation can be manipulated through the manner in which he has been briefed by the accountant or his personal nature (i.e., optimistic or pessimistic). Balance sheet may be manipulated by entering artificial transactions. This is done by entering into other related transaction with a third party. For example, an asset is sold to a bank and then leased back for the rest of the life. The sale price in this arrangement is set at a price above or below the current asset value. The difference is adjusted by increased or reduced rentals. Genuine transactions are also timed to provide a favorable impression. The scope for choosing between various accounting methods should be reduced. There should be consistency in the method that the company is adopting with the intention that he may not switch over to another accounting method in another year to suit his purpose. Companies

Fire Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fire Project - Assignment Example Foam with water belongs to a hydrocarbon surfactant and becomes biodegradable when mixed with water. The hydrocarbon surfactant has affinity for and this causes the water to penetrate upto the fire hence the increasing fire extinguishes. A thick blanket is formed by foam in water which suppresses the fire cutting it off the oxygen (Jeff & Routley, 1996). Foam bubbles adhering to fuels will cause the foam solution to remain on it where it will penetrate or evaporate, until it the fire is extinguished. The benefits of using foam to fight fire include increased firefighter safety, increased fire operation efficiency, and reduced properly damage. 3. Foam is made from Perfluorooctane sulfonate which is highly a pollutant if it escapes into the environment. Foam that diffuses into water bodies can cause death of acquatic animals. Organisms like birds and fish, mistake this compound for food and ends up dying. When these animals die the ecosystem is polluted. Plastic components from foam is a vector for pollutants that bio-accumulate in the food chain. When ingested by fish, toxic coated plastics can pollute the human food chain. 4. The dry ice has limitation in fire fighting. The carbon dioxide which is the dry ice offers little security for fire fighting since it is very light and can be blown away by wind. The gas requires large containers for storage which is cumbersome to transport during fire fighting and the containers can easily explode with the gas. When the gas is being oozed off from the container it produces a sound which can be scary, cause panic and can cause environmental pollution through sound. Lastly, the gas looks like dense white cloud which could impair visibility during fire fighting. 5. Other extinguishing fire methods include taking advantage of the weather. The rate at which fire spreads depends on the conditions of the prevailing weather conditions like wind speed, temperature and relative humidity. Extreme weather

Essay --

Great Leap Forward: Before the Cultural Revolution took place, Mao had an attempt to modernize China’s economy so that by 1988, China would have an economy equivalent to America’s. Mao first announced a Five Year Plan that would last from 1958 to 1963. Mao toured China and thought that China was capable of doing anything they put their minds to, and the top two things Mao wanted to do was to advance their industry and agriculture. By doing this, Mao believed that, the country would change from an agrarian economy, an economy relating to only agricultural and rural matter, to a communist society. He also believed that both agriculture and the industry had to grow to allow the other to grow. Industry could profit if the workers were fed well, and the farmers could prosper if they had quality technology and good tools. To do this, Mao split China into a series of communes. Each commune contained about 5000 families. Everyone in the commune gave up their tools, equipment, food, animals, and anything they owned to the commune. People now worked for their commune and not for themselves. Every life was now controlled by the commune. Twelve families formed one work team and twelve work teams formed a brigade. Each subdivision was give n a certain task or job to complete. For example, one work team would be used to harvest wheat, and another team would bake the wheat, and eventually the entire brigade would produce loafs of bread. By the end of 1958, 700 million people had been placed into 26,578 communes. The speed of this achievement was amazing, however there was propaganda everywhere to try and make the farmers and workers happy. Propaganda packages were delivered to the fields, so the farmers could listen to political speec... ...what actually happened to Lin Biao. Some say it was â€Å"Mao’s elimination of Lin†, by loyal Chinese military planes, but in any case, Lin Biao’s death is still a mystery. After Lin Biao’s premature death, members of his high military command were â€Å"purged†, the Gang of Four feel apart and Zhou Enlai took control over most of the government. After Lin’s death, much of the Chinese population began to feel that the Cultural Revolution not really a â€Å"revolution† but more of an ordinary struggle for power. Zhou tried to stabilized China by putting the educational system back in action, and restoring numerous former officials to power. They both threw their power to Deng Xiaoping, who had been purged in the beginning years of the Cultural Revolution. This move was extremely opposed by the radical communists, Jiang and her allies, who became known as the Gang of Four. Essay -- Great Leap Forward: Before the Cultural Revolution took place, Mao had an attempt to modernize China’s economy so that by 1988, China would have an economy equivalent to America’s. Mao first announced a Five Year Plan that would last from 1958 to 1963. Mao toured China and thought that China was capable of doing anything they put their minds to, and the top two things Mao wanted to do was to advance their industry and agriculture. By doing this, Mao believed that, the country would change from an agrarian economy, an economy relating to only agricultural and rural matter, to a communist society. He also believed that both agriculture and the industry had to grow to allow the other to grow. Industry could profit if the workers were fed well, and the farmers could prosper if they had quality technology and good tools. To do this, Mao split China into a series of communes. Each commune contained about 5000 families. Everyone in the commune gave up their tools, equipment, food, animals, and anything they owned to the commune. People now worked for their commune and not for themselves. Every life was now controlled by the commune. Twelve families formed one work team and twelve work teams formed a brigade. Each subdivision was give n a certain task or job to complete. For example, one work team would be used to harvest wheat, and another team would bake the wheat, and eventually the entire brigade would produce loafs of bread. By the end of 1958, 700 million people had been placed into 26,578 communes. The speed of this achievement was amazing, however there was propaganda everywhere to try and make the farmers and workers happy. Propaganda packages were delivered to the fields, so the farmers could listen to political speec... ...what actually happened to Lin Biao. Some say it was â€Å"Mao’s elimination of Lin†, by loyal Chinese military planes, but in any case, Lin Biao’s death is still a mystery. After Lin Biao’s premature death, members of his high military command were â€Å"purged†, the Gang of Four feel apart and Zhou Enlai took control over most of the government. After Lin’s death, much of the Chinese population began to feel that the Cultural Revolution not really a â€Å"revolution† but more of an ordinary struggle for power. Zhou tried to stabilized China by putting the educational system back in action, and restoring numerous former officials to power. They both threw their power to Deng Xiaoping, who had been purged in the beginning years of the Cultural Revolution. This move was extremely opposed by the radical communists, Jiang and her allies, who became known as the Gang of Four.

Assignment: Leadership and Cost Company Essay

COST Company tried their best to grasp the sophisticated technology, thus the COST Company used highly to training the professionals, like the geologists, geophysicists, and the engineers. The COST Company also trained the skilled and semiskilled labor that run the company’s field operations. On the other hand the professional labor and the skilled labor, the two groups always occurs the clashed. As Martin Bouchard as the present and CEO in the COST Company, and his top goals was to introduce teams as a way of solving the morale and productivity problems at the company’s Alberta field operations site. According to those problems the COST Company hired Algoma Howard, who is a First Nations descendant, to be success in solving teamwork. Howard invited Carlos Debrito as the leader worked for the Alberta pilot program, and Debrito is a long-time employee in the COST Company who was highly respect by the employees in the Alberta Office, and Debrito was looking for one final challenging project before his retiring. There are three functional groups at the Alberta site; they are â€Å"operations† group, the â€Å"below ground† group, and the â€Å"maintenance† group. The â€Å"operation† group included the hourly workers who operated and maintained the equipment; the â€Å"below ground† group, which are the professionals include the engineers, geologists and geophysicists; the â€Å"maintenance† group who are the employees always on call. As the Howard and Debrito were the leaders in the COST Company, they tried their best to solving the morale and productivity problems for the Alberta field operations site. The first step was the â€Å"fireside chats† which is to get the employees together, ask them to give several ideas to solve the problems. As many people join the â€Å"fireside chats† and almost every session came to fisticuffs until Debrito announced someone needed to go out. Moreover, during the next session, Debrito and Howard established the â€Å"rules of engagement† which is better for them to organize. The next step for the Howard and Debrito is to introduce the official â€Å"problem busting† teams, which is the temporary team, and the team members are coming from each of the three functional areas and from various hierarchical levels, and each was assigned a team leader. Their aims are to help the COST Company solving the problems, and after they finishing the work, the team disbanded. Moreover, the problems what they addressed, which within certain cost guidelines and without the management approval. After this the COST Company identified the Colorado office as their next facility, Howard want to introduce her leadership of the cross-functional teams that was successful in the Alberta, however, the employees are all stressful in the Colorado. On the following paragraph, I will focus on what the Howard and Debrito did in the COST Company. 2. 0 Team development stages The role of Algoma Howard and Carlos Debrito in Alberta As we can see from the case, the COST Company hired Algoma Howard, who was the First Nations descendant. He tried his best to develop the teamwork program which is better for the COST Company to improve the productivity as well as the morale at the Calgary facility. Howard was success before by using the teams, he tried his best to bring the people together, and tried his best to coordinate the employees and everything, to let them understand one another’s problems and challenges, and coordinate their effort to achieve the organizational goals. Furthermore, his teamwork idea was success and was implementing at other COST locations after the pilot project. As we can see from the case, Carlos Debrito, he was a long-time COST employee who was highly respected by the other employees in the Alberta office. As he was a skilled and experienced employee, he was looking for a big final project before his retiring. Debrito has served in every possible line and staff position at the COST in his 26 years career timing. He is an experienced leader who knows the problems workers faced on both technical and business, thus Howard invited Debrito as a leader, who served for the Alberta pilot program. Therefore, as we can see the relationship from the Algoma Howard and Carlos Debrito in Alberta sites, Howard as the president in the Alberta pilot program, and Debrito as the leaders who served in every possible line and staff position at the Alberta pilot program. Thus we can say that Algoma Howard and Carlos Debrito are the leaders in the Alberta pilot program, who want to develop the teamwork in the Alberta sites. â€Å"Fireside chats† The first step what the Howard and Debrito decided was to get these different groups talking to each other and share the ideas together; this was the main purpose of the â€Å"fireside chats†. The chats were held in the cafeteria during the late afternoon, and the people who show up the chats have the free coffee/tea and some snake which were all bought by Howard and Debrito. Furthermore, the idea was to give the employees a chance to share the difficulties and unresolved problems in such relaxing time and relaxing places, if the employees get together and share the difficulties and the unresolved problems together, maybe they can solve the difficulties, or share the creativity ideas with the unresolved parts. Initially, there are only two people who attend the â€Å"fireside chats†, gradually, more and more people attended the meetings. At first, the early session was focused on the employees saw their needs, as well as the problems in working with other group. The disadvantage of the early session was that the sessions came to fisticuffs until Debrito announced that somebody had to go out, however, after this session, Howard and Debrito established the guidelines which are the rules of the engagement. Within the six months development, the â€Å"fireside chats† had involved lively problem-solving discussions focus on the three important groups. â€Å"Problem busting† The nest step for Howard and Debrito to introduce was the â€Å"problem busting† teams, which was the temporary team. The temporary team included the members who from each three functional areas as well as from various hierarchical levels, and which were assigned by the team leaders. The training by the team leader was including in team-building, shared-leadership, as well as the creative problems-solving techniques. The team was established for the solving the problems which from the â€Å"fireside chat†, after solving the problems, the teams were disbanded, furthermore, the CEO in the COST announced that the problems addressing by the â€Å"problem busting† team within the certain cost guidelines without seeking management approval. After a year and a half into the team-building program, the entire workforces in the Alberta were empowering to make their owner decisions as well as to select their own leaders. Team development â€Å"Team development creates a captivating atmosphere by encouraging co-operation, teamwork, interdependence and by building trust among team members. † (Motivating, Bonding & Aligning team, 2012) Actually the team goes through five stages of the team development, the each stage present its own challenge and in each stage, the leaders should adapt the challenging and developing the needs of the group. The team development has five stages, which are the forming stage, storming stage, norming stage, performing stage and adjourning stage. On the following paragraph I will talk about each stage, and I will combine the case together to analysis the each stage of the team development, and what the leaders need to do in the stage. First of all, I will show the graph, as we can see: Performing: Cooperation, problem solving Leaders: facilitates task accomplishment Performing: Cooperation, problem solving Leaders: facilitates task accomplishment Storming: Conflict, disagreement Leaders: encourage participation, surfaces differences Storming: Conflict, disagreement Leaders: encourage participation, surfaces differences Norming: Establishment of order and cohesion Leader: helps clarify team roles, norm, and values Norming: Establishment of order and cohesion Leader: helps clarify team roles, norm, and values Adjourning: Task completion Leaders: brings closure, signifies completion Adjourning: Task completion Leaders: brings closure, signifies completion Team development: Forming: Orientation, break the ice. Leaders: facilitates social interchanges Forming: Orientation, break the ice. Leaders: facilitates social interchanges The first stage is the forming stage, â€Å"during this stage, group members maybe anxious and adopt wait-and see attitude, they will be formal towards each other. There would be no clear idea of goals or expectations. Besides, they may not be sure why they are there† (Susan M. Heathfield, 2012) as we can see from the forming stage which is the orientation stage and the members in teams tried their best to getting the acquainted. The members in the team tried their best to know each other and for the friendship possibilities as well as the task orientation. In the forming stage, the team leaders provide time and place for the members to understand each other, to encourage them for the social discussions. The second stage which is storming stage, â€Å"during this stage, team members are eager to get going, conflict can arise as people tend to different ideas of how to accomplish goals. At this time, they notice differences rather than similarities. This leads to some members dropping out mentally physically. (Susan M. Heathfield, 2012) During the storming stage, the members in the team become more assertive in clarifying their roles, thus in this stage, there exist a lot of conflict and disagreement. The members in the team maybe disagree with teams’ goals; maybe disagree with the partners and so on. What the leaders need to do in this stage is to encourage the participation by each member. â€Å"Mem bers should propose ideas, dis agree with one another, and work through the uncertainties and conflicting perceptions about team tasks and goals† (Richard L. Daft, 2012) The third stage is norming stage, â€Å"this stage is when people begin to recognize ways in which they are alike. They realize that they are in this together. Hence, they tend to get more social and may forget their focus in favor of having a good time. This is the time to help with training if applicable. It becomes important to encourage them in order to feel comfortable with each other and with systems. Also, the group needs to stay focus on goal† (Susan M. Heathfield, 2012) As we can see from the norming stage, in this stage the conflict is resolved and the tem is getting harmony and unity emerge, and what the leaders need to do is to help clarifying the teams’ values and norms. The fourth stage is the performance stage, â€Å"this stage is when tea members are trained, competent, as well as able to do their own problem-solving. At this time, ways need to be looked t in order to challenge then as well as develop them. The team is mature now. The members understand their roles and responsibilities. † (Susan M. Heathfield, 2012) during this stage, it is emphasis on solving the problems and accomplishing the assigned task. Members are all committed to the teams’ mission, the members are coordinated with each other for the problems solving. During this stage, the leader should concentrate on the higher task performances. The last stage is the adjourning stage, in this stage we can see that the team has limited task to perform and disbanded eventually. In this stage, it is emphasis on the wrapping up and gearing down. The members in this stage feel heighted emotionality, strong cohesiveness and regret for the teams’ disbandment. During this stage, the leaders should signify the team has disbanded. Combine the COST Company’s case According to the case we can see that the Howard and the Debrito are the leaders in the Alberta pilot program. As we can see that the Howard and Debrito established the â€Å"fireside chats† which is open for the employees, and it is the optional meetings provide for the employees and to getting the acquainted, and to get the different groups together to share the ideas, this is the idea for the â€Å"fireside chats†, and the fireside chats was established in the cafeteria which provide the free coffee, tea and snake for the employees. First of all, the only people who showed up the meeting were the couple of engineers. Thus Debrito and Howards go to a small talk with the couple of the engineers, thus we can see that the first day of meeting was the forming stage of the team development. After the first meeting, the words spread, and gradually, many people attended the meetings, thus the early sessions focused on talking about the each group’s needs, and the problems in other groups. This is also the forming stage in the team development, however, during the one session, there exist the fisticuffs during the meeting, the fisticuffs stopped until the Debrito announced that someone need to get out, therefore, we can see that the â€Å"fireside chat† became the storming stage in the team development which the team occurring the conflict for each other. Furthermore, during the next session, Debrito and Howard establish the â€Å"rules of engagement† which is the guidelines to avoid such conflicts happened in the meeting again, thus we can see that the stage is the norming stage, which is for the leaders to solve the conflict and let them form the norms as well as the values in the company. As we can see that the next step for the Howard and Debrito is to establish the â€Å"problem busting† team which is the temporary teams for solving the problems which was unsolved in the â€Å"fireside chats†, thus we can see that the team was in the performance stage, which is the cooperation, and for the problems solving. Finally, the operation workers suggested that the team members should get rid of the weekly sessions and they could focus on their job, and limited problems for solving. Thus we can see the program already in the last stage which is adjourning stage; the team is facing the disbanded. 3. 0 member roles and leadership approach Member roles In the team there are two types of roles one is task specialist and the other is the socio- emotional, the two roles are different, they focus on different part. First of all we can see that the specialist role in the team which is focus on the task accomplishment by the human needs. On the other hand, we can see that socio-emotional role in a team which is focus on the people’s emotion needs. Task specialist is an employee who is assigned to the development of valid and reliable tasks for other people working for one and the same organization. † (Glossary, 2012) as we can see that the task specialist who focus on the task accomplishment over the people’s needs, thus the â€Å"task specialist knows and understand task management standard, performance measure, and assessment practices required for identifying and developing tasks descriptions and for use by dedicated human resources† (Glossary, 2012) there are several behaviors which display the task specialist. First of all, the task specialists are the persons who always propose the new solutions for solving the team problems, which is so called initiate ideas. Secondly, the task specialists are the persons who provide the opinions on the task accomplishment, also give the fair chances to others’ suggestions. Thirdly, the task specialists are the persons who always seeking the information which is asking for the task-reverent facts. Fourthly, the task specialists are the persons who get a various ideas of the problems at hand, and summary them together, that is so called summarize. Last but not at least, the task specialists are the persons who encourage the team into action when the teams’ interest dropped. â€Å"Socio-emotional is a process that consists of variations that occur in an individual’s personality, emotions and relationships with others during one’s lifetime; Socio-emotional role team members devote their time and nergy to supporting the emotional needs of team members and to maintaining the team as a social unit† (Santrock, 2007) the people who adopt the socio-emotional role are the person who support the team members’ needs over the task accomplishment. There are several behaviors which are for the socio-emotional display. First of all, the socio-emotional roles are the persons who are warm and well to receipt the others’ ideas, and also forth others to m ake the contribution for the team. Secondly, the socio-emotional roles are the persons who are well for harmonize the groups’ conflict, as well as help the teams to achieve the agreement. Thirdly, the socio-emotional roles are the persons who help the team reduce the tension; they help the team to reduce the tensional environment, like telling the jokes. Fourthly, the socio-emotional roles are the persons who always go along with the team, and always agree the team members’ ideas, that’s we called follow. Last but not at least, the socio-emotional roles are the persons who always shift their own opinions which are better for maintain the teams’ harmony. In the COST Company’s case (Carlos Debrito) As we can see from the COST Company’s case, Carlos Debrito who is a long-time COST employee who is highly respected by the employees in the Alberta office and he was also looking for the final project before his retiring and Algoma Howard invited the Debrito as a leader for the Alberta pilot program. Debrito did a lot of things to help the Howard to achieve the goals, as far as I am concerned, Carlos Debrito displays the task specialist as well as the socio-emotional roles. As we can see from the case, that Debrito tried his best to help the Howard to achieve the goals which is to solving the morale as well as the problems of productivity. Thus Debrito established the â€Å"fireside chats† and also established the â€Å"problem busting† team, which helped the Company to achieve its goals, according to this situation; we can see that Debrito is the task specialist, who help the team to realize the task accomplishment, and he always proposed the solutions which is â€Å"fireside chats† and â€Å"problem busting† team, to help the team solve the problems. Furthermore, he always was seeking the information for the relevant task which is better for the team to solving the problems, and Debrito always encourage his members when their interests are dropped. Moreover, we can see that after the â€Å"fireside chats†, we can see that Debrito always helped the team to summarize the relevant ideas and summarize the perspectives for the organization. On the other hand, we can see form the case that, Debrito displays the socio-emotional roles in the team, and he supports the team members’ emotional needs. As we can see from the case, that Debrito find several ways for the team to solve the conflict between the labor and the professionals, moreover, Debrito tried his best to make the compromise which shift his opinions to maintain the harmony of the team. Thus we can say that Debrito display both task specialist roles as well as the socio-emotional roles, Debrito not only achieve the organizational goals, but also do a lot of things to consider the team members’ emotional needs. Leadership approach â€Å"participative leadership is a style of leadership that involves all members of a team in identifying essential goals and developing procedures or strategies for reach those goals† (wiseGEEK, 2012)as we can see that the participative leadership which is the leadership approach required all the members join the team to solving the problems as well as making the decisions together. As we can see from the COST Company’s case, which the Algoma Howard and the Carlos Debrito tried their best to achieve their goals. The goals of the COST Company are to solving the morale as well as to solving the productivity problems. Thus Howard and Debrito established the â€Å"fireside chats†, which is for the optimal meeting provided for the employees to understand them each other. At the first time, there are only two people join the meeting, Howard and Debrito established a small chatting with them and talk to them. After the first meeting finished many people know the meeting and want to join the meeting, thus gradually many people join the meeting, and the meeting becoming very important in a team. As we can see that the meetings are very important in the organization, and many people join the meetings. Furthermore, we can see that during the meeting many team members share the ideas each other, and talk to each other with the departments’ needs, making the decisions together, and solving the problems together. During this process we can see that the leaders using the participative leadership approach to help the organization to achieve their goals. Situational leadership is a leadership style that has been developed and studied by Kenneth Blanchard and Paul Hersey. The situational leadership refers to when the leader or manager of an organization must adjust his style to fit the development level of the followers he is trying to influence. † (Small Business, 2012)As we can see th at the situational leadership approach is the leadership style which depends on the situation, it is focus on the situations as well as the development of the company and the members in the company As we can see from the COST Company case, in this case we can see that the Howard and Debrito using the â€Å"fireside chat† to help the employees understand each other as well as share the ideas for each other, however, when the â€Å"fireside chat† are famous in the organization, there exist some conflicts between the member, thus according to this situation, Debrito establishes the â€Å"rules of the engagement† which include the guidelines that to let the employees obey the rules for the meeting. Furthermore, during the â€Å"fireside chat† developing, Debrito established another team which is â€Å"problem busting† team. This team is established for solving the problems which discovered the in â€Å"fireside chat†, thus according to this situation we can see that leaders who is according to the situations of the organizational development. Furthermore, as we can see that, as the â€Å"fireside chat† developed, and after this the members find the information is limited to share and the employees have limited problems to share, according to this situation, the leaders reduce the frequency of the â€Å"fireside chat† times. Thus we can say that the leaders who is Howard and Debrito are using the situational leadership approach as well as the participative leadership approach, which ask the members to join the â€Å"fireside chat† and share the ideas each other, and the leaders also adjust the leadership style according to the development of the â€Å"fireside chat† as well as the members’ emotions. Do you agree the project will succeed or not? As far as I am concerned I disagree with Algoma Howard that just has a Carlos Debrito in the Colorado project. As we can see from the case, Carlos Debrito is the employee who worked in the Alberta office in the COST Company, and he is respected by the employees in the COST Company, as we can see from the case he served in every possible line and staff position at COST Company, thus he know the COST Company well, for the each possible line and the staff’s position. Furthermore, as we can see from the case, that he understand the problems what the staffs facing now, and the technical problems that the company facing now, thus he is an skilled as well as the experienced employees in the Alberta office in the COST Company. Furthermore, he worked 26 years old in the Alberta office in the COST Company, and he knows the COST Company well. Moreover, as we can see from the case, Howard invited Debrito as the leaders in the Alberta project, and during the project, he point many methods to help the organization to achieve the goals, as well as to help them solving the conflict between the labors and the professionals. Although Debrito know how to solve the problems during the Alberta offices, Debrito know how to solve the conflict between labors and professions, and he has ability, he has knowledge and he a skilled as well as experienced employees and leaders. When happened in the Colorado the situations are different, as Debrito worked just in the Alberta office, and he do many researches on the Alberta office, and although he understand the problems of the employees, but he do not know the details in the Colorado office, thus if Howard just has Debrito in the Colorado project, as far as I am concerned it is not enough. The best way for the Howard is to invite the leaders who understand the Colorado project well, and combine the leader with Debrito together to solving the problems and help the COST Company solving the problems as well as achieving the goals. . 0 Conclusion: work team effectiveness What is team effectiveness? â€Å"Team effectiveness refers to the system of getting people in a company or institution to work together effectively. The idea behind team effectiveness is that a group of people working together can achieve much more than if the individuals of the team were working on their own. † (WiseGEEK, 2012) As we ca n see that it is better for the company to achieve the team working effectiveness, if the companies make the team effectiveness, they can solve the problems effectively and they can achieve the goals effectively as well. There are several ways for the organization to testing their team effectiveness, on the following paragraph I will focus on the methods what to testing the team effectiveness as well as give some recommendations for the COST Company to develop their team effectiveness. First of all, is the right mix skill, â€Å"team effectiveness depends in part on bringing together people who have different skills that somehow complement each other. † (WiseGEEK, 2012) as we can see that it is important for the company to bringing all the skilled, experienced together in a team to help the company solving to problems as well as to help them achieving the goals. Thus as we can see from the COST Company, when the Howard became the CEO in the Alberta office, he invited Debrito as a leader in the Alterta’s project, and Alberta is the employee who respect by the employees and he is the skilled people and experienced people. Moreover, as far as I am concerned, the COST Company should invite more skilled and experienced people, who can help the COST Company solving the problems as well as to help them achieve the goals. The second is the right motivation, â€Å"team effectiveness is directly linked to the interest that the group has on the project. If the job is too easy or too difficult, or if the rewards for achieving the end result do not seem worth the effort, the team may end up working half-heartedly in the project. † (WiseGEEK, 2012) As we can see that the motivations are very important to the team, if the team leaders always do the motivations for the employees, the employees will worked well and will help the organization solving the problems as well as to achieving the goals. Thus in the CSOT Company, the leaders in the organization should do a lot of things to do the motivations for the employees, make sure every employees are happy working in the organization, and to improve their working effectively. Last but not at least, â€Å"is the ability to solve conflicts without compromising the quality of the project, the team work has one major downfall. Sometimes groups end up making decisions they know are not in the best interest of the project, just so they can keep the process moving. Conflict is innate to any work done in group, and should be taken as part of the challenge rather than as something to be avoided by compromising. †(WiseGEEK, 2012) as we can see that if want make the team effectiveness, the organization has to solving the problems of conflict, as we can see from the COST Company, in Alberta project, the leaders tried their best to solving the conflict between the labors and the professionals. Moreover, as far as I am concerned, the team has to solve more conflict between the labors. All in all, the organization want to make the team effectiveness, they must organize the skilled person together, and to provide the motivation for the employees, moreover, to solve the conflict in the organization. If the organization establishes the effectiveness team, they can solve the problems as well as to achieving the organization goals. Bibliography 1. Susan M. Heathfield (2012) what are the stages of team development [Online] Available at: http://humanresources. about. com/od/teambuilding/f/team_stages. htm (Accessed date: 15th Nov, 2012) 2. MSG (2012) Team Development- meaning, stages and forming an effective team [Online] Available at: http://www. managementstudyguide. com/team-development. htm (Accessed date: 15th Nov, 2012) 3. Center for Management & Organization effectiveness (2012) Team Development & Team Building [Online] Available at: http://www. cmoe. com/team-development. htm (Accessed date: 15th Nov, 2012) 4. Harvard Business Review (2012) Choose the right leadership approach [Online] available at: http://business. time. com/2012/07/27/choose-the-right-leadership-approach/ (Accessed date: 15th, 2012) . JoomlArt (2012) Five Approaches to Leadership [Online] Available at: http://www. roxburghmissionalnet. com/index. php? option=com_content&view=article&id=139:five-approaches&catid=45:leadership&Itemid=89 (Accessed date: 15th Nov, 2012) 6. WISEGEEK (2012) what is Team Effectiveness? [Online] Available at: http://www. wisegeek. com/what-is-team-effectiveness. htm#lbss (Accessed date: 15th N ov, 2012) 7. Mind Tool Ltd (2012) Team Effectiveness Assessment [Online] Available at: http://www. mindtools. com/pages/article/newTMM_84. htm (Accessed date: 15th Nov, 2012)

Proposal of Marijuana Legalization Essay - 1528 Words

Marijuana has a greater beneficial impact on society then many people realize. Marijuana should be legalized for medical as well as recreational purposes. This is a highly controversial issue that is being debated throughout the country. In essence marijuana is evaluated by the effectiveness of the drug. It is defined as the dried flowered clusters and leaves of a hemp plant smoked for the intoxicating effect. Whether it should be legalized or not is the real question. Many could argue that marijuana is destructive physically as well as mentally. â€Å"The National Institute on Drug Abuse says marijuana can cause heart irregularities, lung problems, and addiction† (Welch). â€Å"One joint can be just as damaging to [the lungs] as smoking at least†¦show more content†¦Both will legalize the sale, possession, and private cultivation of marijuana got personal use, while the tax act aims to put money in state coffers by putting a levy on the sale of cannabis hemp product s.† California is the lead pursuer for the new ballot. â€Å"California would levy taxes that state board says could raise $1.3 billion or more a year for the deficit-plagued state, while saving tens of millions in prison and law enforcement costs. Sponsors of the ballot issue have tuned in 690,161 signatures on petitions for verification, far more than the 433,971 valid required to get on the ballot.† â€Å"Even the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime, in its latest World Drug Report, says people should not be incarcerated for simple possession of drugs. The report comes close to endorsing the ‘creative approach’ where possession for personal use triggers administrative penalties instead of criminal prosecution.† Millions of Americans, who smoke marijuana with little negative impact on society, are threatened by a climate where the penalties for engaging in marijuana use are too severe. â€Å"The new ballot measure would allow anyone over 21 to buy, pos sess, se or cultivate marijuana. It would bar personal possession of more than one ounce as well as smoking the drug in public or around minors; [ultimately a step in the right direction]† (McKinley). A policy thatShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized?984 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Marijuana Today, more than 20 states are currently approving the use of Medical Marijuana. 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